TB Prevention at Home: Simple Habits to Keep Your Family Safe
TB prevention habits
Imagine having the power to safeguard your family’s health with just a few simple habits. Sounds too good to be true? Think again! With tuberculosis (TB) affecting millions in India, making up 26% of the global burden (WHO’s Global TB Report 2024) [1] , it’s time to take action. By incorporating easy-to- follow daily routines, you can turn your home into a safe haven, protecting your loved ones from TB and contributing to the nation’s goal of a TB-free India, as envisioned by the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) [2] . Let’s explore these small yet impactful changes that can make a big difference.
Understanding TB and its spread
TB is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs but capable of impacting other organs. It spreads through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks, releasing tiny droplets that others can inhale. The National TB Prevalence Survey (2019-2021) estimated a TB prevalence of 312 per lakh population in India, highlighting the urgency of preventive measures [3] . Vulnerable groups, such as those living in crowded spaces or with weakened immunity, are at higher risk. By adopting mindful habits, you can significantly reduce the risk of TB transmission in your home.
Everyday habits for a TB-free home
TB-free India campaign
Creating a TB-free home starts with awareness and action. Simple, consistent habits can shield your family from this preventable and curable disease. Here are practical steps to integrate into your daily life:
Ensure good ventilation
Good ventilation is a cornerstone of TB prevention. The WHO emphasizes that poorly ventilated spaces increase the risk of TB transmission [4] . In Indian homes, where families often gather in close quarters, opening windows and using fans to promote airflow can make a big difference. This simple act aligns with the NTEP’s focus on airborne infection control [5] .
Cough etiquette and hygiene
Practicing cough etiquette is a powerful way to stop TB in its tracks. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare recommends covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of infectious droplets [2] . Teach children to use a tissue or their elbow, and dispose of tissues properly. Avoid sharing personal items like towels, as TB bacteria can linger on surfaces.
Boost immunity with nutrition:
A well-nourished body is better equipped to fight infections. The Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana, part of the Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan, provides nutritional support to TB patients, recognizing the link between nutrition and recovery [6] . The NFHS-5 data highlights that undernutrition remains a challenge in India, making dietary improvements critical for TB prevention [7] . Include protein-rich foods, fruits, and vegetables in your diet to strengthen your family’s immunity.
Early detection and treatment
Early diagnosis is key to controlling TB. The India TB Report 2023 notes that 25.5 lakh TB cases were notified in 2023, a testament to improved case detection efforts [8] . If someone in your household has a persistent cough, night sweats, or unexplained weight loss, seek medical attention immediately. Free diagnostics and treatment are available under the NTEP [2] . Encourage regular health check-ups, especially for vulnerable groups like children or the elderly.
Community support and awareness
The Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan, launched in 2022, has engaged over 1.6 lakh Ni-kshay Mitras to support TB patients with nutritional and emotional care [6] . By spreading awareness about TB symptoms and prevention in your neighbourhood, you can help create a ripple effect of protection. Share knowledge about the importance of completing TB treatment, as incomplete treatment can lead to drug-resistant TB, a growing concern in India [9] .
A collective effort for a TB-free India
Every step you take in your home contributes to India’s ambitious goal of eliminating TB. The 100- Day TB Elimination Campaign, launched in December 2024, highlights the urgency of collective action, focusing on early detection and treatment in 347 high-burden districts. By adopting these habits, you are not just protecting your family but also supporting a national movement. Let’s pledge to make our homes TB-free. Together, we can build a healthier, stronger India—one home at a time. And remember: TB is not a curse or stigma. It’s a bacterial disease—and with timely care, it is completely curable.
This is an educational initiative supported by Mylan Pharmaceuticals Private Limited (a Viatris company).
TB prevention tips at home
Keep rooms well-ventilated with open windows
Practice cough hygiene: cover mouth, wash hands
Don’t delay—test if cough lasts >2 weeks
Complete full TB treatment—no skipped doses
Eat a balanced diet to strengthen immunity
Screen family members if one has TB
Use sunlight and clean spaces regularly
References:
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World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report 2024:
https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-tuberculosis-report-2024
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Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme:
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ICMR, National TB Prevalence Survey (2019-2021): https://tbcindia.mohfw.gov.in/wpcontent/uploads/2023/05/25032022161020NATBPSReport.pdf
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World Health Organization, The End TB Strategy:
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Central TB Division, Guidelines for Programmatic Management of TB Preventive Treatment:
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Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan: https://tb-win.mohfw.gov.in/home
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NFHS-5 (2019-2021), International Institute for Population Sciences: http://www.nfhsiips.in/
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India TB Report 2023, Central TB Division: https://tbcindia.mohfw.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/TB-Report_for-Web_08_10-2024-1.pdf
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ICMR, Progress and Challenges in TB Elimination: